In most European countries the thermal performance of buildings must be specified in terms of energy certificates. These involve, amongst other things, the calculation of buildings' heating demand. However, architects and ...

In the past few years, traditional building materials experienced a kind of renaissance. This is in part due to the ecology considerations. Moreover, some traditional materials offer feasible and affordable alternatives ...

A quantified analysis of the urban climate in general and the urban heat island phenomena in particular is a complex endeavor and requires a variety of data streams. Urban units of observations are meant to specify ...

Thermal sensation and comfort evaluation schemes typically address thermally adapted people under static circumstances. A disregard of thermal evaluation processes pertaining to transitional states may result in inappropriate ...

Urbanization generally influences the microclimate by changes introduced in land cover, the compact spatial structure of the metropolitan areas, the emission of pollutants, the modification of the physical properties of ...

Metropolitan areas worldwide display highly diverse microclimatic conditions that are believed to be influenced by a variety of parameters: morphologies, structures, materials (particularly urban surface properties), and ...