Issue 12 (2015)http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/15062024-03-28T11:48:09Z2024-03-28T11:48:09ZDeveloping Interethnic and Intercultural Competencies - Aims and Syllabus in the Context of Elementary Education Students in Republic of MacedoniaPopova-Koskarova, Rozalinahttp://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/15242016-04-22T21:11:41Z2015-07-01T00:00:00ZDeveloping Interethnic and Intercultural Competencies - Aims and Syllabus in the Context of Elementary Education Students in Republic of Macedonia
Popova-Koskarova, Rozalina
Тhe main goal of our theoretical research was to show how much the syllabus allow development of awareness about the diversities and development of life values in multiethnic and multicultural environments. In that context, we established the goal to analyze the objectives and the content of the syllabus of the most relevant subjects regarding multicultural and intercultural education: Introduction to society and Society for grades I – V. Having in mind that in Macedonia there are different cultures, religions, traditions and languages, it is necessary to develop competencies to show respect for the diversities and to develop the multicultural awareness of the students at the earliest age. On the other hand, globalization, as a characteristic of the modern age, increasingly imposes the need to develop the intercultural awareness and competencies of the students as well. The interethnic (multicultural) as well as intercultural competencies are especially important from several aspects: firstly, as a result of the need to overcome stereotypes and prejudices still present in our society, and secondly, to develop values in children, and especially empathy in students.
2015-07-01T00:00:00ZThe alternatives of imprisonment according to the Albanian Law and the ways of surveillancesBelishta, Admirhttp://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/15232016-04-22T21:10:27Z2015-07-01T00:00:00ZThe alternatives of imprisonment according to the Albanian Law and the ways of surveillances
Belishta, Admir
This paper considers different alternatives to Sentence to a Term of Imprisonment listed in a chapter with the same title, in the Articles 58-64 of the Albanian Criminal Code. This approach to such subject reflects not only the reality of how the judicial system in Albania operates, but, because of the purpose and the positive changes that the implementation of these alternatives to sentence to a term of imprisonment brings, it is also a permanent requirement of the international community. In this note I have focused in three important quests: theoretical interpretations of these criminal code provisions, examples from court’s practices as well as problems and challenges that might arise, and lastly, the procedures required for their implementation. Moreover, in considering the procedural challenges, the conditional sentence (Article 59), semi freedom (Article 58), house arrest (Article 59/a), community service (Article 63) and conditional release or parole (Article 64) of the Criminal Code, I have also presented my personal view on the matters. My thoughts and suggestions add to the explanation and elaboration of this subject not only from the practitioners’ points of view, but they also add to the intellectual discussion among those who exchange ideas and theories on the subject. This concludes the intent and purpose of this note, which focuses on a topic that is very current today.
2015-07-01T00:00:00ZAlbanian trade policy and the process of alignment with EU Common Commercial PolicyKastrati, PranveraShehaj, Esmeraldahttp://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/15222016-04-22T21:08:34Z2015-07-01T00:00:00ZAlbanian trade policy and the process of alignment with EU Common Commercial Policy
Kastrati, Pranvera; Shehaj, Esmeralda
Albania is a member of WTO from September 2000 and is currently in a deep and substantial transformation of the trade policy. Albanian trade regime is very liberal, open and transparent fully compliant with WTO law. Accession to EU is the strategic goal of all Governments after ’90s and alignment with EU acquis is at the core of any process. EU integration is an engine for the development in all candidate or potential candidate countries. This process requires the alignment of national policies and harmonization of the legislation. Trade policy is among the most developed policies in European Union and Albania. This is mainly due to the membership in World Trade Organization (WTO) and Free Trade Agreements (FTA) with the most important trading partners. The accession of Albania to EU will significantly affect the Albanian trade policy. This paper analyses the state of play of Albanian trade policy and presents the main developments in the EU Common Commercial Policy after the Lisbon Treaty (2009). Based on this analysis the paper highlights the implications for Albanian trade policy.
2015-07-01T00:00:00ZThe juridical nature of the European Court of Justice and the principles of its activityHasneziri, Vilmahttp://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/15212016-04-22T21:07:13Z2015-07-01T00:00:00ZThe juridical nature of the European Court of Justice and the principles of its activity
Hasneziri, Vilma
The European Union is a reality closer and closer for Albania as well. The status Albania obtained as a candidate country, not only means a step forward towards the European Union, but it also sets forth a number of challenges to be solved such as, freedom, property, democracy, human rights, the fight against organized crime and corruption etc. Under these circumstances, the analysis of the issues that have to do with the European Union is of a great importance, as in the near future, Albania is designated to join the great European family. The scope of this work is to analyze tow important aspects that have to do with one of the most important institutions of the European Union, such as the European Court of Justice. The first aspect of this work, which is also its first subject, refers to the juridical nature of the European Court of Justice. Analyzing this topic, we shall see that this Court, as per its nature, contains elements of different courts, thus, presenting similarities with the Constitutional Courts of Member States, civil courts, criminal courts, administrative and labour courts and with other international courts as well. However, despite the similarities it presents with other courts, the European Court of Justice is a court of a special kind, “sui generis”, exactly as the European Union is, thus, an organization of a special kind. The second aspect of this paper, which is also its second issue, analyses the fundamental principles where the European Court of Justice bases its activity. The most important principles are that of equality and non discrimination, the principle of protecting and guaranteeing the human rights, the principle of access before the court or the right to address the court, the principle of legality as well as the principles of proportionality and subsidiarity. In this work, especially in the second part, there shall be presented several decisions of the European Court of Justice as well, that have to do with its interpretation on the dispositions of the establishing Treaties as well as the analysis of the above mentioned principles. At the end of this work, there will be given its conclusions as well as the bibliography where it is based on.
2015-07-01T00:00:00Z