http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2164 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 21:57:02 GMT 2026-04-05T21:57:02Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2179 Ajdukiewicz and the Notion of Conceptual Apparatus Marsonet, Michele The Polish philosopher Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz adopted the notion of “conceptual apparatus”, which is very similar to the idea of “conceptual scheme” put forward by Donald Davidson, Willard V. Quine, Nicholas Rescher and others. Ajdukiewicz’s theses are, in this regard, very important although less known, and he treated cognitive processes as inseparably connected with language. Thu, 01 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2179 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2178 Book of Changes: Cosmological and Anthropological Metaphors in Chinese Philosophy Sertdemir, İlknur Ancient Chinese history holds a quality which has syncretized traditional thought with its cultural wealth unified of mystical and mythological figures in the background. Such that classical documents, which had begun to be written before Common Era, has directly influenced the political regime, education system and status of society in China. One of the most prominent features of these works is to propound collective knowledge about perception of cosmology, attitudes to earthiness, community standards, policy and morality. Among Five Classics works of these masterpieces of Chinese philosophy, Book of Changes which stands closest to metaphysical narrative, mainly consists of the texts about prophecy. While this piece of work had been referred as a divination guide in Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-771 BC), it turned into a cosmological text that included a range of philosophical commentary during Warring States Period (475-221 BC). The mainstay of this remarkable change is the direct correlation of all the concepts and terms that characterize the worldly beyond along with the relevant text, especially yin-yang dualism, which symbolizes an extraordinary harmony in early Chinese thought. Traditional idea suggests reciprocity in which heaven, earth and man are interconnected to maintain natural order. However, the superiority attributed to human beings also brings compulsive responsibilities to idealize a compatible society. This paper aims to discuss influences of cosmological and anthropological items on human behaviors explained in prescriptive perspective. Thu, 01 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2178 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2177 From the concept of Environmental Reason to a Global Ethics project dos Santos Queirós, António The contribution of the environmental philosophy to the XX and XXI centuries philosophy renovation and their capacity to be applied to all aspects of social life is the core of this essay. The history of philosophy on the West is focused on the human condition, the environmental philosophy drive its thought to a global view of biodiversity and geodiversity, enlarged by the concept of biosphere. The dominant perspective of the modern philosophy set the morale in the order of the rules and social conventions and leave the ethics on the field of personal experience. Analyzing the concept of Kantian reason, and its ethic’s corollaries, this essay propose develop them to a new concept, “Environmental Reason”. Conceptualized as a new categorical imperative to the men’s action, beyond the principle that prescribe that we must conform individual acts with a universal law, configuring the human conduct within the limits that safeguard the continuity of life, but also the intrinsic values of earth and its biodiversity and geodiversity. A new perspective ethics founded in the principles of the critique of anthropocentrism and the critique of ethnocentrism represent a new ontology, and a new epistemology, that could lead to a new ethics universal theory. Thu, 01 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2177 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2176 SMEs’s potentials of Research and Development and the European Union Prospective. A Literature Review Isaraj, Loreta SME-s role in the economic development and economic structure is changing drastically, as it is gaining new dimensions the role they have as social agents. This becomes particularly present in the paradigm shift of the EU funding schema and priorities, for member and candidate states, indicating that from catalysts of development they are now considered as important and active agents of Innovation by their R&D potential. The article provides a comprehensive literature review on different aspects of R&D processes in SMEs under the support of the funding programs of European Union collected from the reputed publications. The purpose is to provide an outline on the structure and dynamics of R&D in SMEs to highlight its role in the performance of these businesses in particular and in national and regional economies at the macro level. This paper aims to contribute to current discussions within the field of innovation by further exploring how EU R&D funding policies work in practice. Thu, 01 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.epoka.edu.al/handle/1/2176 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z