Cadastre and territorial government: from the first surveys to GIS

Abstract

Since its birth, the Italian Cadastre has been an essential tool for the government of the territory, not only from the taxation’s point of view. During the initial stages, coinciding with the unification of the cadastres prior to the unification of Italy, was collected an impressive amount of data, which led to the formation of the Land Cadastre. Through a meticulous work of survey of the territory and of the land ownership boundaries, it was made a detailed cartographic representation of the country. The cadastral mapping was supported by a network of reference points more precise and dense that adopted by the IGM (Military Geographic Institute). Subsequently, with the formation of the building cadastre, we were added data on the plans of all buildings of the nation. The paper, after a historical introduction, will illustrate the evolution of the Italian cadastre, which involved: - the digitalization of archived data; - vectorization of cartography; - the involvement of professionals both in updating the maps both the plan’s archive, which now is carried out telematically; - the creation of a GIS. To these data are added those resulting by OMI (Observatory the real estate market) and by Real Estate Registry, allowing statistical processing of trades, real estate prices, surveys on economic and architectural features of the buildings and of the various areas in which it has divided each municipality. The paper also discusses possible future developments of the cadastral database: by creating a SIT (Territorial Information System) fully computerized, you can consult, extract, compare all current and historical data relating to the whole country, with reference both to land both to buildings. The consultation will take place through the navigation of a vectorial map, with graphic interrogation of the building or of the parcel of land. This tool will be a valuable resource not only for the fiscal aspects, but also and especially for the management, planning and control of all the complex processes of transformation of the territory.