The Analysis and the Design of the Reinforced Concrete Elements and the Algorithm in the Calculation of these Elements under the Shear Forces

Abstract

During the process of the design for the reinforced concrete elements besides the calculation of the bending moment, another important calculation is the one made for these elements when they are under the shear forces. This calculation is made in the ultimate limit state, SLU. This paper will present all theoretical bases and algorithm calculations of reinforced concrete elements under the shear forces, based on the European rules (Eurocodes) and mainly EC2 and EC8. The study of reinforced concrete elements under the shear forces is complex process. It cannot be sufficient the analysis of one section in the study of reinforced concrete elements, in the contrary of what happens usually. The analysis of the reinforced concrete structures under the shear forces should be made by analyzing all its elements entirely. The behaviour of the reinforced concrete elements in its plastic phase is complicated and it directly affects in the size of the bearing capacity of element in the shear forces. In the size of the bearing capacity of element in the shear forces also the quantity of the longitudinal reinforcement, the quantity of transversal reinforcement, the type and the position of forces, the form of the transversal section, etc. The effect of the transversal (shear) forces is important in studying the behaviour of the element. The analysis is made by approximating the element with a truss, where the tension elements of this truss are represented by the reinforcement and the pressed elements are represented by the press concrete. The factors that mostly affect the capacity of the reinforced concrete element shear process are the longitudinal quantity of reinforcement, the size of gravel and the transversal size of the element. In this paper will be presented several numerical examples and the algorithm for calculating the concrete elements from shear forces.