Fulfillment Testing Standards in Design of Pre-School Facilities as a Basis for Architectural and Urban Transformation in the Context of Energy Efficiency

Abstract

This paper analyses examples of existing kindergartens’ buildings in Serbia in terms of meeting the requirements of spatial capacity and compliance with the minimum standards of required area. Surveyed buildings are dating from various periods. Over time, their environments have undergone numerous changes and interventions, so it is important to establish whether basic requirements are been violated. The second parameter is the degree of land availability, and the existence or nonexistence of free space for possible intervention aimed at changing urban context. Finally, the third aspect is the possibility of using the closest environment to amend the urban environment parameters that would affect the local climate change, reducing outside air temperature in summer or increasing in winter, changing direction or stopping unwanted effects of dominant winds. Namely, by the influence on the input parameters, the need for thermal insulation and the method of ventilation could be changed. The norms are dealing predominantly with the external building envelope and with the insulation, which is necessary, but the last in a series of interventions and by far the most expensive, as a solution. Due to frequent climatic anomalies, global trends are going in the direction of prevention, while interventions have been aimed at the urban environment and the use of space resources. Possible changes in city planning, transformation and revitalization of the area would also have a significant impact on the physical environment and the energy efficiency of buildings.