Seismic Assessment and Retrofitting Strategies for a Prominent Masonry Structure affected by Earthquake

Abstract

In Albania, masonry is still widely used in construction. It reached its peak during the communist era (1944–1990), when structures with load-bearing stone walls were built using the Albanian Building Code (KTP) as a guide. The November 26, 2019, earthquake highlighted these structures' susceptibility to seismic activity, which calls for a careful assessment of their seismic resilience. This study highlights the importance of modern retrofitting methods on older buildings in the protection of architectural history in areas that are vulnerable to earthquakes. An unreinforced masonry building (URM) constructed in the year 1940 in Tirana is the subject of the seismic performance evaluation. First, a thorough site examination is conducted, then samples of the masonry units are taken out of the chosen structure. The numerical study uses a macromodelling technique with the TREMURI finite element analysis tool, including mechanical features obtained from experimental test data. According to the investigation, the URM building exhibits minimal damage and remarkable seismic resilience. This means that strengthening modifications may improve its seismic performance. The analysis results show that the URM building suffers moderate damage under seismic loads. A post-intervention analysis to highlight the seismic performance improvements are recommended as possible future works. The study concludes by suggesting a chosen strategie of intervention based on the damage of the structure. It is advised that future research carry out a post-intervention analysis that evaluates and highlights possible enhancements in seismic performance. This study adds to the current conversation on seismic resilience by offering insightful information about retrofitting techniques for Albania's ancient masonry buildings, especially in light of the country's recent seismic incidents.